CVE-2025-3022
Remediation / Mitigation Strategy for CVE-2025-3022
Vulnerability Description: OS command injection vulnerability exists in e-solutions e-management, specifically within the /data/apache/e-management/api/api3.php endpoint. The client parameter is susceptible to injection, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying server.
Severity: Critical (CVSS Score: 9.3)
Known Exploit: An attacker can craft a malicious request to the /data/apache/e-management/api/api3.php endpoint containing OS commands within the client parameter. When processed by the server, these commands will be executed with the privileges of the web server user, potentially leading to full system compromise. The exact payload will depend on the operating system of the server. A basic example using bash could be client=; id;.
Remediation:
Input Validation and Sanitization: Implement strict input validation and sanitization on the
clientparameter in the/data/apache/e-management/api/api3.phpendpoint.- Whitelist: If possible, define a strict whitelist of allowed characters and formats for the
clientparameter. Reject any input that does not conform to the whitelist. - Sanitization: If a whitelist is not feasible, sanitize the input by escaping or removing potentially dangerous characters and sequences, such as semicolons (;), pipes (|), ampersands (&), backticks (`), dollar signs ($), and greater-than/less-than signs (> <). Ensure the sanitization method is context-aware to prevent bypasses.
- Consider using parameterized queries or stored procedures: This technique eliminates the risk of command injection by treating user input as data rather than executable code. However, this approach is likely not suitable given the endpoint in question.
- Whitelist: If possible, define a strict whitelist of allowed characters and formats for the
Principle of Least Privilege: Ensure the web server process runs with the minimum necessary privileges. This will limit the potential damage an attacker can inflict even if they successfully execute commands.
Update E-solutions E-management: Check with E-solutions for a patch or updated version of the E-management software that addresses this vulnerability. Apply the update as soon as possible.
Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a WAF with rules specifically designed to detect and block command injection attempts. Configure the WAF to monitor and log suspicious activity. Ensure the WAF rules are regularly updated to address new attack vectors.
Disable Unnecessary Features: If the
clientparameter or the functionality associated with the/data/apache/e-management/api/api3.phpendpoint is not essential, consider disabling it to eliminate the attack surface.
Mitigation:
Network Segmentation: Segment the e-solutions e-management server from other critical systems on the network. This will limit the potential impact of a successful attack.
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) / Intrusion Prevention System (IPS): Implement an IDS/IPS to monitor network traffic for malicious activity and automatically block or alert on suspicious patterns associated with command injection attempts.
Regular Security Audits and Penetration Testing: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address potential vulnerabilities in the e-solutions e-management system and its surrounding infrastructure.
Logging and Monitoring: Implement robust logging and monitoring of the e-solutions e-management system. Monitor logs for suspicious activity, such as unexpected command executions or access to sensitive files.
Response Plan: Develop and maintain a comprehensive incident response plan to effectively handle a security breach. This plan should include steps for isolating the affected system, containing the damage, and restoring service.
Assigner
- Spanish National Cybersecurity Institute, S.A. (INCIBE) [email protected]
Date
- Published Date: 2025-03-31 11:09:17
- Updated Date: 2025-03-31 12:15:16