CVE-2025-29907

Vulnerability Remediation / Mitigation Strategy: CVE-2025-29907 - jsPDF Denial of Service

1. Vulnerability Description:

This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-29907, affects versions of the jsPDF library prior to 3.0.1. It stems from a lack of proper sanitization of user-supplied data passed to the addImage, html, and addSvgAsImage methods. Specifically, the first argument of the addImage method, typically used for image URLs or data URIs, is vulnerable to malicious input. An attacker can craft a harmful data URI, such as one causing excessive CPU utilization, leading to a denial-of-service (DoS) condition. This vulnerability allows an attacker to overload the server processing the PDF generation, potentially impacting other users and services.

2. Severity:

  • CVSS Score: 8.7 (High)
  • Impact: Denial of Service (DoS)
  • Attack Vector: Network (Remote)
  • Attack Complexity: Low
  • Privileges Required: None
  • User Interaction: None (If the application automatically processes user-supplied data)
  • Scope: Changed (Impact extends beyond the vulnerable component)
  • Confidentiality Impact: None
  • Integrity Impact: None
  • Availability Impact: High

3. Known Exploits:

An attacker can craft a malicious data URI (e.g., a very large or computationally intensive image) and pass it as the first argument to the addImage, html, or addSvgAsImage methods. When jsPDF attempts to process this malicious data URI, it can lead to excessive CPU consumption, ultimately rendering the server or client unresponsive and causing a denial of service. The ease of crafting such a malicious data URI contributes to the relatively high exploitability of this vulnerability.

4. Remediation / Mitigation Strategy:

The primary remediation strategy is to upgrade to jsPDF version 3.0.1 or later. This version includes a fix that addresses the insufficient sanitization of user-supplied data, preventing the malicious data URI from causing excessive CPU utilization.

Detailed Steps:

  • Identify Affected Applications: Thoroughly scan your applications and services to identify all instances using the vulnerable jsPDF library. Check package.json files (if using npm/Node.js), dependency lists, and any server-side code utilizing jsPDF.

  • Upgrade jsPDF:

    • Using npm/Node.js: Run npm install jspdf@latest or npm install [email protected] to upgrade the jsPDF dependency. Verify the installation by checking the version in your package.json and node_modules directory. Ensure you rebuild your application after the upgrade.
    • Using CDN or Direct Download: Replace the older version of the jsPDF library file (e.g., jspdf.min.js) with the latest version (3.0.1 or later) obtained from the official jsPDF repository or a trusted CDN.

  • Validate the Upgrade: After upgrading, thoroughly test the affected functionality (specifically PDF generation involving addImage, html, and addSvgAsImage) to ensure that the vulnerability is mitigated and that no regressions have been introduced. Attempt to pass potentially malicious data URIs to these methods to verify they are handled correctly without causing excessive CPU usage.

  • Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules (Mitigation - short-term): As a short-term mitigation, consider implementing WAF rules to filter potentially malicious data URIs being passed to the application. This can involve pattern matching against suspicious patterns in the data URI string. Note: This is a temporary measure and should not replace upgrading to the patched version of jsPDF. WAF rules can be bypassed and are not a comprehensive solution.

  • Input Validation (Defense in Depth): In addition to upgrading, implement robust input validation on any user-supplied data used in the addImage, html, and addSvgAsImage methods. This validation should include:

    • Data URI Validation: If expecting data URIs, validate the URI’s structure and limit the size of the data portion to prevent excessively large images. Consider restricting the allowed image types within the data URI.
    • URL Validation: If expecting URLs, validate that they are valid and point to trusted sources. Implement allow-listing of allowed domains.
    • Content Security Policy (CSP): Implement CSP headers in your web application to restrict the sources from which images can be loaded. This can help prevent the loading of malicious images from untrusted domains.

  • Rate Limiting: Implement rate limiting to restrict the number of requests a user can make to the PDF generation functionality within a specific time frame. This can help mitigate the impact of a DoS attack by limiting the number of malicious requests an attacker can send.

  • Monitoring and Alerting: Set up monitoring and alerting to detect any unusual CPU utilization patterns associated with the PDF generation functionality. This will allow you to quickly identify and respond to any potential attacks.

  • Regular Dependency Audits: Implement regular dependency audits to identify and address any vulnerabilities in your project’s dependencies, including jsPDF and other libraries. Use tools like npm audit or yarn audit to identify vulnerable packages.

5. Rollback Plan:

Before implementing the upgrade in a production environment, test it thoroughly in a staging environment. In case of issues, the rollback plan should involve:

  • Reverting the jsPDF version: Revert to the previously installed version of jsPDF. This can be done by restoring from a backup or by installing the specific older version using npm install jspdf@<previous_version>.
  • Disabling the WAF rules: If WAF rules were implemented as a mitigation, disable them to avoid potential conflicts.
  • Monitoring: After the rollback, carefully monitor the system for any recurrence of the vulnerability or any other unexpected behavior.

6. Communication:

  • Communicate the upgrade to relevant stakeholders, including developers, system administrators, and security personnel.
  • Provide clear instructions on how to upgrade jsPDF and validate the upgrade.
  • Keep stakeholders informed of the progress of the remediation effort and any potential issues.

By implementing these remediation and mitigation steps, you can effectively address the CVE-2025-29907 vulnerability in jsPDF and prevent denial-of-service attacks. Remember to prioritize upgrading to the latest patched version of the library and implement robust input validation and monitoring practices to maintain a secure environment.

Assigner

Date

  • Published Date: 2025-03-18 18:40:58
  • Updated Date: 2025-03-18 19:15:51

More Details

CVE-2025-29907