CVE-2025-27590
CVE-2025-27590: Oxidized Web Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
Vulnerability Description:
The vulnerability exists in Oxidized Web (aka Oxidized Web) versions prior to 0.15.0. The RANCID migration page is accessible to unauthenticated users and allows them to execute arbitrary commands on the server under the context of the Linux user running the Oxidized Web application. This vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation or improper handling of user-supplied data within the RANCID migration process.
Severity:
- Critical (CVSS Score: 9.0) This score indicates a highly critical vulnerability due to the ease of exploitation (unauthenticated access) and the significant impact (complete compromise of the affected system).
Known Exploits:
The provided information doesn’t contain specific details on the exact exploit. However, the vulnerability description strongly suggests a command injection or code injection flaw. An attacker could potentially:
- Inject malicious commands into the RANCID migration process. This could be achieved by crafting a specially designed request to the RANCID migration page containing shell commands or code.
- Gain shell access: Upon successful exploitation, an attacker can gain a shell as the user running the oxidized-web process, allowing them to read sensitive data (e.g., configuration files, database credentials), modify system files, install malware, or pivot to other systems on the network.
Remediation / Mitigation Strategy:
The primary remediation is to upgrade to Oxidized Web version 0.15.0 or later. This version includes a fix that addresses the vulnerability. If an upgrade is not immediately feasible, consider the following mitigation steps:
Immediate Upgrade: Prioritize upgrading Oxidized Web to version 0.15.0 or a later version as soon as possible. This is the most effective solution.
Network Segmentation: If possible, isolate the server running Oxidized Web within a restricted network segment. Limit network access to only trusted hosts and services. This can prevent an attacker from easily pivoting to other systems in case of successful exploitation.
Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to detect and block malicious requests targeting the RANCID migration page. Look for patterns indicative of command injection or code injection attempts.
- Example WAF rules could filter requests containing potentially dangerous characters like semicolons (;), pipes (|), dollar signs ($), backticks (
), and commands likewhoami,id,cat /etc/passwd`, etc., in the request parameters associated with the migration page. However, be careful to avoid false positives.
- Example WAF rules could filter requests containing potentially dangerous characters like semicolons (;), pipes (|), dollar signs ($), backticks (
Input Validation and Sanitization (If Possible): Although this is typically a developer task, if you have any control over the Oxidized Web configuration or deployment, ensure that all user-supplied data is properly validated and sanitized before being used in any system calls or commands. This is particularly crucial for the RANCID migration process. However, relying on this without upgrading is not recommended as it might not be completely effective.
Least Privilege: Ensure the Oxidized Web application is running with the least privileges necessary. Avoid running it as root or with highly privileged accounts. Create a dedicated user account with minimal permissions for the Oxidized Web application.
Monitor Logs: Enable detailed logging for the Oxidized Web application and monitor the logs for any suspicious activity, such as unauthorized access attempts, errors related to the RANCID migration page, or unusual command executions. Set up alerts for these events.
Disable RANCID Migration (If Applicable): If the RANCID migration functionality is not being used, consider disabling or removing it completely to eliminate the attack surface.
Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration tests to identify and address potential vulnerabilities in the Oxidized Web application and its infrastructure.
Verification:
After applying the remediation or mitigation measures, verify their effectiveness by:
- Attempting to exploit the vulnerability: Simulate an attack to ensure that the fix or mitigation is working as expected.
- Reviewing logs: Check the logs to confirm that the mitigation measures are blocking malicious requests.
- Scanning for vulnerabilities: Use vulnerability scanning tools to verify that the vulnerability is no longer present.
Important Considerations:
- Test thoroughly: Before deploying any changes to a production environment, test them thoroughly in a non-production environment to ensure that they do not introduce any new issues or break existing functionality.
- Stay informed: Stay informed about the latest security vulnerabilities and best practices for Oxidized Web by subscribing to security advisories and monitoring security news sources.
- Security in Depth: Implement a defense-in-depth approach, combining multiple layers of security controls to provide comprehensive protection against attacks.
Assigner
- MITRE [email protected]
Date
- Published Date: 2025-03-03 04:15:09
- Updated Date: 2025-03-03 04:15:09