CVE-2025-2690

Remediation/Mitigation Strategy for CVE-2025-2690

This document outlines the remediation and mitigation strategies for the vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-2690 affecting Yii2 versions up to 2.0.39.

1. Vulnerability Description:

  • Vulnerability: Deserialization vulnerability in phpunit\src\Framework\MockObject\MockClass.php within the Generate function.
  • Affected Software: Yii2 framework versions up to and including 2.0.39.
  • Location: phpunit\src\Framework\MockObject\MockClass.php:Generate
  • Attack Vector: Remote. The vulnerability is exploitable remotely.
  • Root Cause: The Generate function within the specified file is susceptible to deserialization attacks. Improper handling of input data allows attackers to inject malicious serialized objects, leading to arbitrary code execution.

2. Severity Assessment:

  • CVSS Score: 9.8 (Critical)
  • Impact:
    • Confidentiality: Complete. An attacker can gain access to sensitive information.
    • Integrity: Complete. An attacker can modify or destroy system data.
    • Availability: Complete. An attacker can disrupt or completely shut down the system.
  • Severity: Critical. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to systems running vulnerable versions of Yii2.

3. Known Exploit:

  • Exploit Status: Publicly Available. An exploit for this vulnerability is already publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. This means attackers are likely to be able to readily exploit this vulnerability.

4. Remediation Strategy:

The primary remediation strategy is to upgrade to a version of Yii2 that addresses this vulnerability.

  • Upgrade Yii2: Upgrade to a version of Yii2 higher than 2.0.39. Consult the Yii2 documentation and release notes to identify the version that contains the fix for CVE-2025-2690. Follow the official Yii2 upgrade instructions carefully to ensure a smooth transition.

    • Rationale: Upgrading to a patched version of Yii2 directly addresses the root cause of the vulnerability by incorporating the necessary security fixes.

5. Mitigation Strategy (If Immediate Upgrade is Not Possible):

If an immediate upgrade is not feasible, implement the following mitigation measures to reduce the risk of exploitation:

  • Input Validation: Implement strict input validation and sanitization for any data that is passed to functions using MockClass.php’s Generate function. This should focus on blocking serialized objects.

    • Rationale: Helps prevent malicious serialized objects from being processed, reducing the likelihood of successful deserialization attacks.
    • Implementation: Use appropriate input validation libraries and frameworks to ensure that data is properly validated before being processed. Consider using regular expressions to identify and block potentially malicious serialized strings.

  • Disable or Limit Mock Object Generation (If Possible): If the functionality provided by MockClass.php is not essential, consider temporarily disabling or restricting its usage.

    • Rationale: Reduces the attack surface by eliminating or limiting the use of the vulnerable component.
    • Implementation: Review your application’s codebase to identify instances where MockClass.php is used and assess whether it can be safely disabled or replaced with alternative solutions.

  • Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules: Deploy a WAF and configure rules to detect and block suspicious traffic patterns associated with deserialization attacks.

    • Rationale: Provides an additional layer of defense by filtering out malicious requests before they reach the application server.
    • Implementation: Use WAF rules to inspect HTTP requests for serialized objects or other characteristics indicative of deserialization attacks. Consult WAF documentation for specific rule recommendations.

  • Intrusion Detection System (IDS) / Intrusion Prevention System (IPS): Configure your IDS/IPS to monitor for and alert on suspicious activity related to deserialization vulnerabilities.

    • Rationale: Provides real-time monitoring and alerting capabilities, enabling rapid response to potential attacks.
    • Implementation: Configure IDS/IPS signatures to detect patterns associated with deserialization exploits, such as the transmission of serialized objects or attempts to execute arbitrary code.

  • Rate Limiting: Implement rate limiting on endpoints that are particularly susceptible to exploitation.

    • Rationale: Reduces the impact of denial-of-service attacks and brute-force attempts.
    • Implementation: Configure rate limiting rules to restrict the number of requests that can be made from a single IP address within a given time period.

6. Monitoring and Logging:

  • Enable Detailed Logging: Enable detailed logging for all application components, including the MockClass.php module.

    • Rationale: Provides valuable forensic information in the event of a security incident.
    • Implementation: Configure logging to capture information about incoming requests, processed data, and any errors or warnings that occur.

  • Monitor Logs for Suspicious Activity: Regularly monitor application logs for suspicious activity, such as deserialization errors, unexpected code execution, or unauthorized access attempts.

    • Rationale: Enables early detection of potential attacks.
    • Implementation: Use log analysis tools to automate the process of monitoring logs for suspicious patterns and anomalies.

7. Testing:

  • Penetration Testing: Conduct penetration testing to verify the effectiveness of the implemented remediation and mitigation measures.

    • Rationale: Provides an independent assessment of the system’s security posture.
    • Implementation: Engage a qualified penetration tester to simulate real-world attacks and identify any remaining vulnerabilities.

  • Code Review: Conduct a thorough code review of the application to identify any other potential vulnerabilities.

    • Rationale: Helps identify and address security flaws that may have been missed during initial development or testing.
    • Implementation: Involve experienced security engineers in the code review process.

8. Communication:

  • Inform Stakeholders: Communicate the vulnerability and the implemented remediation/mitigation strategies to all relevant stakeholders, including developers, system administrators, and security personnel.

    • Rationale: Ensures that everyone is aware of the risks and the steps being taken to address them.
    • Implementation: Distribute a written communication outlining the vulnerability, the potential impact, and the implemented remediation/mitigation measures.

9. Timeline:

  • Immediate Actions (within 24 hours):
    • Assess the impact of the vulnerability on your specific environment.
    • Implement the input validation and WAF mitigation measures.
    • Enable detailed logging and monitoring.
  • Short-Term Actions (within 1 week):
    • Schedule the upgrade to the latest patched version of Yii2.
    • Conduct code review to identify any other potential vulnerabilities.
  • Long-Term Actions (within 1 month):
    • Conduct penetration testing to verify the effectiveness of the implemented remediation measures.
    • Continuously monitor application logs for suspicious activity.

10. Version Control:

This document should be version-controlled to track any changes or updates. Review and update this strategy regularly to reflect any new information or changes in the threat landscape.

Assigner

Date

  • Published Date: 2025-03-24 08:15:13
  • Updated Date: 2025-03-24 17:15:41

More Details

CVE-2025-2690