CVE-2025-26201: Credential Disclosure Vulnerability in GreaterWMS <= 2.1.49

Description:

A credential disclosure vulnerability exists in GreaterWMS version 2.1.49 and earlier. This vulnerability allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to bypass authentication and potentially escalate privileges by accessing the /staff route. The vulnerability likely exposes sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords (potentially in a hashed or even plaintext form, depending on the implementation), or API keys, related to staff members.

Severity:

• CVSS Score: 9.1 (Critical)
• CVSS Vector: This information is not fully provided in the prompt. However, based on the score and description, a plausible vector would be something like: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
  • AV:N (Network): The vulnerability is exploitable over the network.
  • AC:L (Low): The attack complexity is low, meaning it’s easy to exploit.
  • PR:N (None): No privileges are required to perform the attack.
  • UI:N (None): No user interaction is required.
  • S:U (Unchanged): The vulnerability affects a single component.
  • C:H (High): High impact to confidentiality; sensitive information is disclosed.
  • I:H (High): High impact to integrity; attacker can modify data. The ability to escalate privileges implies the potential to modify data.
  • A:N (None): No impact to availability (service is not disrupted directly, though compromised accounts could potentially be used to disrupt services).

Known Exploits:

While the provided information doesn’t explicitly state a known exploit, the description strongly implies an easily exploitable vulnerability. The fact that it’s unauthenticated access to a sensitive route ( /staff ) suggests a straightforward exploit. A potential exploit scenario:

1. Attacker sends an HTTP GET request to http://<target_server>/staff.
2. The server, due to the vulnerability, returns a page or data structure containing staff credentials.
3. Attacker uses the disclosed credentials to log in or access administrative functions, escalating privileges.

Remediation / Mitigation Strategy:

Given the critical severity, immediate action is required. The recommended approach is a combination of patching, workarounds, and monitoring.

1. Immediate Action: Apply Patch (Highest Priority):

   • Upgrade GreaterWMS: The primary and most effective solution is to upgrade GreaterWMS to a version later than 2.1.49 that has addressed this vulnerability. Check the vendor’s website (GreaterWMS) for the latest version and release notes. Verify the upgrade resolves CVE-2025-26201. This is the most important step.

2. Workarounds (If Patching is Delayed or Impossible): If immediate patching is not possible, implement the following workarounds immediately but understand these are temporary measures and do not fully resolve the underlying vulnerability:

   • Restrict Access to /staff Route via Web Server Configuration: Configure your web server (e.g., Apache, Nginx, IIS) to deny all unauthenticated access to the /staff route. For example:

     • Apache: <Directory “/var/www/greaterwms/staff”> # Adjust path as needed Require valid-user * Nginx: location /staff { auth_basic “Restricted Area”; auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd; # Configure .htpasswd } * IIS: Use IIS Authentication and Authorization features to restrict access to the /staff directory to authenticated users. Ensure only authorized users have access.

   • Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rule: Deploy a WAF rule that detects and blocks requests to the /staff route without proper authentication. This requires a WAF capable of inspecting HTTP requests and applying rules. The rule should look for patterns indicating unauthorized access to the route. The specific WAF rule syntax will depend on the WAF in use.

   • Disable the /staff Route (If Feasible): If the /staff route is not essential for immediate business operations, temporarily disable it. This prevents exploitation but may impact functionality.

3. Long-Term Remediation:

   • Review Authentication and Authorization Mechanisms: Thoroughly review the authentication and authorization mechanisms within GreaterWMS, particularly for the /staff route. Identify the root cause of the vulnerability.
   • Implement Strong Password Policies: Enforce strong password policies for all user accounts to mitigate the impact of credential disclosure.
   • Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Implement MFA for all user accounts to add an extra layer of security and make it harder for attackers to gain unauthorized access, even if credentials are leaked.
   • Regular Security Audits and Penetration Testing: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing of the GreaterWMS application to identify and address potential vulnerabilities proactively.
   • Secure Credential Storage: Ensure that credentials (passwords, API keys) are stored securely using appropriate hashing algorithms (e.g., bcrypt, Argon2) and salting. Avoid storing credentials in plaintext.
   • Input Validation and Output Encoding: Implement proper input validation and output encoding to prevent other potential vulnerabilities, such as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) or SQL injection.

4. Monitoring and Detection:

   • Monitor Access Logs: Closely monitor web server access logs for suspicious activity, such as unusual requests to the /staff route or attempts to access the route from unauthorized IP addresses.
   • Implement Intrusion Detection System (IDS): Deploy an IDS that can detect and alert on suspicious activity, such as attempts to exploit the vulnerability.
   • Monitor for Account Takeover: Monitor user accounts for suspicious behavior that may indicate account takeover, such as logins from unusual locations or attempts to access sensitive data.

Important Considerations:

• Thorough Testing: After applying any remediation steps, thoroughly test the application to ensure that the vulnerability has been addressed and that no new issues have been introduced.
• Communication: Communicate the vulnerability and the remediation steps to all affected users.
• Incident Response Plan: Review and update your incident response plan to include procedures for handling similar vulnerabilities in the future.

Disclaimer: This remediation strategy is based on the limited information provided. A comprehensive assessment of the GreaterWMS application is required to identify all potential vulnerabilities and implement appropriate security measures. Consult with security experts for assistance.