CVE-2025-1751

Remediation/Mitigation Strategy for CVE-2025-1751: SQL Injection in Ciges 2.15.5

1. Vulnerability Description:

  • Vulnerability Name: SQL Injection
  • Affected Software: Ciges 2.15.5 (from ATISoluciones)
  • Affected Endpoint: /modules/ajaxBloqueaCita.php
  • Vulnerable Parameter: $idServicio
  • Description: A SQL injection vulnerability exists in Ciges 2.15.5 within the /modules/ajaxBloqueaCita.php endpoint. The $idServicio parameter is not properly sanitized, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code into the database query. This can lead to unauthorized database access, allowing the attacker to retrieve, create, update, and delete data.
  • CVE ID: CVE-2025-1751

2. Severity Assessment:

  • CVSS Score: 9.8 (Critical)
  • Severity: Critical
  • Rationale: A CVSS score of 9.8 indicates a highly critical vulnerability. The potential for complete database compromise (read, write, delete) without authentication or user interaction makes this a severe risk to data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability is network accessible and can potentially be exploited remotely.
  • Attack Vector (AV): Network
  • Attack Complexity (AC): Low
  • Privileges Required (PR): None
  • User Interaction (UI): None
  • Scope (S): Changed
  • Confidentiality Impact (C): High
  • Integrity Impact (I): High
  • Availability Impact (A): High

3. Known Exploits and Potential Impact:

  • Exploitability: The description indicates that exploitation is possible, given the unsanitized $idServicio parameter. Public proof-of-concept (POC) exploits are likely to emerge rapidly, if not already available, due to the severity of the vulnerability.
  • Potential Impact:
    • Data Breach: Sensitive data stored in the database (e.g., customer information, financial data, appointment details) could be stolen.
    • Data Manipulation: Attackers could modify existing data, leading to incorrect information, disrupted services, or fraudulent activities.
    • Data Destruction: Attackers could delete data, causing significant operational disruptions and potential data loss.
    • Service Disruption: Modifying or deleting critical system data could lead to service outages.
    • Privilege Escalation: Depending on the database user permissions, an attacker might be able to escalate privileges and gain control over the underlying operating system.
    • Lateral Movement: The attacker might be able to use the compromised database server as a pivot point to gain access to other systems on the network.

4. Remediation and Mitigation Strategies:

Immediate Actions (Within 24-48 hours):

  • Patching:
    • Primary Recommendation: If ATISoluciones provides a patch for Ciges 2.15.5, apply it immediately. This is the most effective way to address the vulnerability.
    • Validate: After applying the patch, thoroughly test the system to ensure the vulnerability is resolved and that no new issues have been introduced. Specifically, attempt to exploit the $idServicio parameter.
  • Input Validation/Sanitization (If Patch Unavailable):
    • Implement Immediately (If Patch Unavailable): As a temporary measure until a patch is available, implement rigorous input validation and sanitization on the $idServicio parameter in /modules/ajaxBloqueaCita.php. This involves:
      • Whitelist: Ideally, only allow specific, expected values for $idServicio. For example, if $idServicio is expected to be an integer, only allow integer values and reject anything else.
      • Sanitization: If whitelisting is not feasible, sanitize the input by escaping special characters that have meaning in SQL (e.g., single quotes, double quotes, semicolons, backslashes). Use a well-established and reliable sanitization library or function specific to the database being used (e.g., mysqli_real_escape_string in PHP for MySQL).
    • Encoding: Encode the input appropriately for the database system being used.
  • Web Application Firewall (WAF):
    • Implement/Configure: Deploy or configure a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the /modules/ajaxBloqueaCita.php endpoint. WAF rules should be specifically tailored to block SQL injection patterns in the $idServicio parameter.
    • Monitoring: Monitor the WAF logs for suspicious activity.
  • Disable Endpoint (Extreme Circumstances): If the vulnerability is being actively exploited and a patch or immediate mitigation is not possible, temporarily disable the /modules/ajaxBloqueaCita.php endpoint to prevent further attacks. This should only be a last resort as it will likely impact functionality.

Long-Term Actions (Within 1-2 Weeks):

  • Code Review: Conduct a thorough code review of the Ciges 2.15.5 codebase to identify and address any other potential vulnerabilities, particularly focusing on areas that handle user input and database interactions.
  • Parameterized Queries/Prepared Statements: Replace dynamic SQL queries with parameterized queries or prepared statements. This is the most secure way to prevent SQL injection. Parameterized queries separate the SQL code from the data, preventing the data from being interpreted as SQL code.
  • Least Privilege Principle: Ensure that the database user account used by the Ciges application has only the minimum necessary privileges required for its functionality. Avoid granting the application user account db_owner or sysadmin rights.
  • Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing of the Ciges application and its infrastructure to identify and address vulnerabilities proactively.
  • Update Software Regularly: Establish a process for regularly updating Ciges and all other software components to the latest versions to benefit from security patches and bug fixes.
  • Security Training: Provide security training to developers and system administrators to educate them about SQL injection vulnerabilities and other common web application security threats.
  • Database Monitoring: Implement robust database activity monitoring to detect and alert on suspicious SQL queries or unauthorized access attempts.
  • Consider Application Alternatives: If ATISoluciones is unresponsive regarding addressing the issue, research other similar applications for replacement.

5. Communication:

  • Inform Stakeholders: Communicate the vulnerability and the remediation plan to all relevant stakeholders, including IT staff, management, and affected users.
  • Transparency: Be transparent about the risks and the steps being taken to mitigate them.
  • Update Regularly: Provide regular updates on the progress of the remediation efforts.

6. Verification:

  • Post-Remediation Testing: After implementing the remediation measures, conduct thorough testing to verify that the vulnerability has been successfully addressed and that the system is no longer vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. Use both automated scanning tools and manual penetration testing techniques.
  • Vulnerability Scanning: Run vulnerability scans to confirm the vulnerability is no longer present.
  • Penetration Testing: Engage a qualified penetration tester to perform a comprehensive assessment of the application’s security.

Important Considerations:

  • Backup: Before making any changes to the system, create a complete backup of the database and application files.
  • Testing Environment: Implement these changes in a testing environment that mirrors production before implementing in production.
  • False Positives: Be aware that WAF rules can sometimes generate false positives. Carefully tune the WAF rules to minimize false positives while still effectively blocking malicious traffic.
  • Ongoing Monitoring: Continuous monitoring is essential to detect and respond to any new attacks or vulnerabilities that may emerge.
  • Vendor Support: Contact ATISoluciones for support and guidance in addressing this vulnerability. If they are uncooperative, consider alternative solutions.

This remediation strategy is a starting point and may need to be customized based on the specific environment and requirements. Implementing all the recommended measures will significantly reduce the risk of successful SQL injection attacks.

Assigner

  • ATIS <68e1e1d3-5247-4d65-9f39-ef1a02cf571e>

Date

  • Published Date: 2025-02-27 12:15:35
  • Updated Date: 2025-02-27 12:15:35

More Details

CVE-2025-1751